{"id":1945,"date":"2019-01-22T14:51:24","date_gmt":"2020-02-12T13:56:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vip.fxxkpython.com\/?p=1945"},"modified":"2021-08-31T02:19:02","modified_gmt":"2021-08-30T18:19:02","slug":"5b596061be","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vip.fxxkpython.com\/?p=1945","title":{"rendered":"python\u722c\u866b04 | \u957f\u6c5f\u540e\u6d6a\u63a8\u524d\u6d6a\uff0cRequests\u5e93\u628aurllib\u5e93\u62cd\u5728\u6c99\u6ee9\u4e0a"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\u6700\u8fd1\n<\/p>\n

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\u6709\u4e9b\u670b\u53cb<\/p>\n

\n

\u770b\u5b8c\u5c0f\u5e05b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e4b\u540e<\/p>\n

\n

\u628a\u5c0f\u5e05b\u7684\u8868\u60c5\u5305\u90fd\u5077\u4e86<\/p>\n

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\u8fd8\u5728\u6211\u7684\u5fae\u4fe1<\/p>\n

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\u75af\u72c2\u53d1\u8868\u60c5\u5305\u561a\u745f<\/p>\n

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\u6211\u5c31\u5475\u5475\u4e86<\/p>\n

\n

\"python\"<\/p>\n

\n

\u53ea\u80fd\u8bf4\u4e00\u53e5<\/p>\n

\n

\u76d8\u4ed6<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u670b\u53cb<\/p>\n

\n

\u770b\u5b8c\u6587\u7ae0\u4e0d\u70b9\u597d\u770b<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u8fd8\u6765\u50ac\u66f4<\/p>\n

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\u5c0f\u5e05b\u4e5f\u53ea\u80fd\u8bf4\u4e00\u53e5<\/p>\n

\n

\u7ee7\u7eed\u76d8\u4ed6<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


\n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"python\"<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

ok<\/p>\n

\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u6765\u73a9\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5e93<\/p>\n

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\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e93\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u53eb\u505a<\/p>\n

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Requests<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e93\u6bd4\u6211\u4eec\u4e0a\u6b21\u8bf4\u7684 urllib<\/a> \u53ef\u662f\u8981\u725b\u903c\u4e00\u4e22\u4e22\u7684<\/p>\n

\n

\u6bd5\u7adf Requests \u662f\u5728 urllib \u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u641e\u51fa\u6765\u7684<\/p>\n

\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u5b83\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u66f4\u5c11\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n

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\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n

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\u4eba\u751f\u82e6\u77ed<\/p>\n

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\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c31\u662f<\/p>\n

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\u5b66\u4e60 python \u7684\u6b63\u786e\u59ff\u52bf<\/strong><\/p>\n


\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

\"python\"<\/p>\n

skr<\/p>\n

\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u662f python \u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u5e93<\/p>\n

\n

\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e0b<\/p>\n

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\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 pip \u5b89\u88c5<\/p>\n

\n

pip install requests<\/span><\/p>\n


\n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u540e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86<\/p>\n

\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c31\u6765\u611f\u53d7\u4e00\u4e0b requests \u5427<\/p>\n

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\u5bfc\u5165 requests \u6a21\u5757\n<\/p>\n

\n

import<\/span> requests<\/span><\/pre>\n
\n
\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801 Get \u8bf7\u6c42<\/p>\n
\n
r<\/span> =<\/span> requests<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'https:\/\/api.github.com\/events'<\/span>)<\/span><\/pre>\n
\n
\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801 Post \u8bf7\u6c42<\/p>\n
\n
r<\/span> =<\/span> requests<\/span>.<\/span>post<\/span>(<\/span>'https:\/\/httpbin.org\/post'<\/span>,<\/span> data<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>'key'<\/span>:<\/span>'value'<\/span>})<\/span><\/pre>\n

\n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n
\u5176\u5b83\u4e71\u4e03\u516b\u7cdf\u7684 Http \u8bf7\u6c42<\/p>\n
\n
>>> <\/span>r<\/span> =<\/span> requests<\/span>.<\/span>put<\/span>(<\/span>'https:\/\/httpbin.org\/put'<\/span>,<\/span> data<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>'key'<\/span>:<\/span>'value'<\/span>})\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>r<\/span> =<\/span> requests<\/span>.<\/span>delete<\/span>(<\/span>'https:\/\/httpbin.org\/delete'<\/span>)\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>r<\/span> =<\/span> requests<\/span>.<\/span>head<\/span>(<\/span>'https:\/\/httpbin.org\/get'<\/span>)\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>r<\/span> =<\/span> requests<\/span>.<\/span>options<\/span>(<\/span>'https:\/\/httpbin.org\/get'<\/span>)<\/span><\/pre>\n
\n
\u60f3\u8981\u643a\u5e26\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u5427\uff1f<\/p>\n
\n
>>> <\/span>payload<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>'key1'<\/span>:<\/span> 'value1'<\/span>,<\/span> 'key2'<\/span>:<\/span> 'value2'<\/span>}\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>r<\/span> =<\/span> requests<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'https:\/\/httpbin.org\/get'<\/span>,<\/span> params<\/span>=<\/span>payload<\/span>)<\/span><\/pre>\n
\n
\u5047\u88c5\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668<\/p>\n
\n
>>> <\/span>url<\/span> =<\/span> 'https:\/\/api.github.com\/some\/endpoint'\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>headers<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>'user-agent'<\/span>:<\/span> 'my-app\/0.0.1'<\/span>}\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>r<\/span> =<\/span> requests<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>url<\/span>,<\/span> headers<\/span>=<\/span>headers<\/span>)<\/span><\/pre>\n
\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u54cd\u5e94\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
\n
>>> <\/span>import<\/span> requests\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>r<\/span> =<\/span> requests<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'https:\/\/api.github.com\/events'<\/span>)\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>r<\/span>.<\/span>text\n\n<\/span>u'[{\"repository\":{\"open_issues\":0,\"url\":\"https:\/\/github.com\/...\n<\/span><\/pre>\n
>>> <\/span>r<\/span>.<\/span>encoding\n\n<\/span>'utf-8'\n<\/span>\n<\/span><\/pre>\n
\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u8282\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
\n
>>> <\/span>r<\/span>.<\/span>content\n\n<\/span>b'[{\"repository\":{\"open_issues\":0,\"url\":\"https:\/\/github.com\/...<\/span><\/pre>\n
\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u54cd\u5e94\u7801<\/p>\n
\n
>>> <\/span>r<\/span> =<\/span> requests<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'https:\/\/httpbin.org\/get'<\/span>)\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>r<\/span>.<\/span>status_code\n\n<\/span>200<\/span><\/pre>\n
\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u54cd\u5e94\u5934<\/p>\n
\n
>>> <\/span>r<\/span>.<\/span>headers\n\n<\/span>{<\/span>    \n    'content-encoding': 'gzip',<\/span>    \n    'transfer-encoding': 'chunked',<\/span>  \n    'connection': 'close',<\/span>    \n    'server': 'nginx\/1.0.4',<\/span>    \n    'x-runtime': '148ms',<\/span>    \n    'etag': '\"e1ca502697e5c9317743dc078f67693f\"',<\/span>   \n    'content-type': 'application\/json'\n    \n<\/span>}<\/span><\/pre>\n
\n
\u83b7\u53d6 Json \u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
\n
>>> <\/span>import<\/span> requests\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>r<\/span> =<\/span> requests<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'https:\/\/api.github.com\/events'<\/span>)\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>r<\/span>.<\/span>json<\/span>()\n\n<\/span>[{u'repository': {u'open_issues': 0, u'url': 'https:\/\/github.com\/...<\/span><\/pre>\n
\n
\u83b7\u53d6 socket \u6d41\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
\n
>>> <\/span>r<\/span> =<\/span> requests<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'https:\/\/api.github.com\/events'<\/span>,<\/span> stream<\/span>=<\/span>True<\/span>)\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>r<\/span>.<\/span>raw\n\n<\/span><urllib3.response.HTTPResponse object at 0x101194810>\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>r<\/span>.<\/span>raw<\/span>.<\/span>read<\/span>(<\/span>10<\/span>)\n\n<\/span>'x1fx8bx08x00x00x00x00x00x00x03'<\/span><\/pre>\n
\n
Post\u8bf7\u6c42<\/p>\n
\n
\u5f53\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e\u91cc\u9762\u6dfb\u52a0\u591a\u4e2a\u503c\u7684\u65f6\u5019<\/p>\n
\n
>>> <\/span>payload_tuples<\/span> =<\/span> [(<\/span>'key1'<\/span>,<\/span> 'value1'<\/span>),<\/span> (<\/span>'key1'<\/span>,<\/span> 'value2'<\/span>)]\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>r1<\/span> =<\/span> requests<\/span>.<\/span>post<\/span>(<\/span>'https:\/\/httpbin.org\/post'<\/span>,<\/span> data<\/span>=<\/span>payload_tuples<\/span>)\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>payload_dict<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>'key1'<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>'value1'<\/span>,<\/span> 'value2'<\/span>]}\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>r2<\/span> =<\/span> requests<\/span>.<\/span>post<\/span>(<\/span>'https:\/\/httpbin.org\/post'<\/span>,<\/span> data<\/span>=<\/span>payload_dict<\/span>)\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>print<\/span>(<\/span>r1<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>)\n\n<\/span>{<\/span>  ...<\/span>  \"form\": {<\/span>    \"key1\": [<\/span>      \"value1\",<\/span>      \"value2\"<\/span>    ]<\/span>  },<\/span>  ...<\/span>}\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>r1<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span> ==<\/span> r2<\/span>.<\/span>text\n\n<\/span>True<\/span><\/pre>\n
\n
\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u7528 json \u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n
\n
>>> <\/span>url<\/span> =<\/span> 'https:\/\/api.github.com\/some\/endpoint'\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>payload<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>'some'<\/span>:<\/span> 'data'<\/span>}\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>r<\/span> =<\/span> requests<\/span>.<\/span>post<\/span>(<\/span>url<\/span>,<\/span> json<\/span>=<\/span>payload<\/span>)<\/span><\/pre>\n
\n
\u60f3\u4e0a\u4f20\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/p>\n
\n
>>> <\/span>url<\/span> =<\/span> 'https:\/\/httpbin.org\/post'\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>files<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>'file'<\/span>:<\/span> open<\/span>(<\/span>'report.xls'<\/span>,<\/span> 'rb'<\/span>)}\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>r<\/span> =<\/span> requests<\/span>.<\/span>post<\/span>(<\/span>url<\/span>,<\/span> files<\/span>=<\/span>files<\/span>)\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>r<\/span>.<\/span>text\n\n<\/span>{<\/span>  ...<\/span>  \"files\": {<\/span>    \"file\": \"<censored...binary...data>\"<\/span>  },<\/span>  ...<\/span>}<\/span><\/pre>\n
\n
\u83b7\u53d6 cookie \u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n
\n
>>> <\/span>url<\/span> =<\/span> 'http:\/\/example.com\/some\/cookie\/setting\/url'\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>r<\/span> =<\/span> requests<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>url<\/span>)\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>r<\/span>.<\/span>cookies<\/span>[<\/span>'example_cookie_name'<\/span>]\n\n<\/span>'example_cookie_value'<\/span><\/pre>\n
\n
\u53d1\u9001 cookie \u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n
\n
>>> <\/span>url<\/span> =<\/span> 'https:\/\/httpbin.org\/cookies'\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>cookies<\/span> =<\/span> dict<\/span>(<\/span>cookies_are<\/span>=<\/span>'working'<\/span>)\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>r<\/span> =<\/span> requests<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>url<\/span>,<\/span> cookies<\/span>=<\/span>cookies<\/span>)\n\n<\/span>>>> <\/span>r<\/span>.<\/span>text\n\n<\/span>'{\"cookies\": {\"cookies_are\": \"working\"}}'<\/span><\/pre>\n
\n
\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8d85\u65f6<\/p>\n
\n
>>> <\/span>requests<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'https:\/\/github.com\/'<\/span>,<\/span> timeout<\/span>=<\/span>0.001<\/span>)\n\n<\/span>Traceback (most recent call last):<\/span>   File \"<stdin>\"<\/span>, line 1<\/span>, in <module><\/span>requests.exceptions.Timeout<\/span>: HTTPConnectionPool(host='github.com', port=80): Request timed out. (timeout=0.001)<\/span><\/pre>\n
\n
\"python\"<\/p>\n
\n
\u9664\u4e86\u725b\u903c<\/p>\n
\n
\u8fd8\u80fd\u8bf4\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\uff1f<\/p>\n
\n
\n
\"python\"<\/p>\n
\u626b\u4e00\u626b<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n
\u5b66\u4e60 Python \u6ca1\u70e6\u607c<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\n<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n
\"python\"<\/p>\n
\n
\u8fd1\u671f\u6587\u7ae0<\/p>\n
\n
python\u722c\u866b\u5165\u95e801\uff1a\u6559\u4f60\u5728Chrome\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8f7b\u677e\u6293\u5305<\/a>\n<\/p>\n
\n
python\u722c\u866b\u5165\u95e802\uff1a\u6559\u4f60\u901a\u8fc7Fiddler\u8fdb\u884c\u624b\u673a\u6293\u5305<\/a>\n<\/p>\n
\n
python\u722c\u866b03\uff1a\u90a3\u4e2aUrllib\u7684\u5e93\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5047\u88c5\u662f\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668<\/a>\n<\/p>\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\u70b9\u597d\u770b<\/span>\u7684\u4eba<\/p>\n
\u4f1a\u6709\u597d\u8fd0\u53d1\u751f\n<\/p>\n
\u539f\u6587\u59cb\u53d1\u4e8e\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff08\u5b66\u4e60python\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u59ff\u52bf\uff09\uff1apython<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u6700\u8fd1 \u6709\u4e9b\u670b\u53cb \u770b\u5b8c\u5c0f\u5e05b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e4b\u540e \u628a\u5c0f\u5e05b\u7684\u8868\u60c5\u5305\u90fd\u5077\u4e86 \u8fd8\u5728\u6211\u7684\u5fae\u4fe1 \u75af\u72c2\u53d1\u8868\u60c5\u5305\u561a\u745f \u6211\u5c31\u5475\u5475\u4e86 \u53ea\u80fd\u8bf4\u4e00\u53e5 \u76d8\u4ed6 \u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u670b\u53cb \u770b\u5b8c\u6587\u7ae0\u4e0d\u70b9\u597d\u770b \u8fd8\u6765\u50ac\u66f4 \u5c0f\u5e05b\u4e5f\u53ea\u80fd\u8bf4\u4e00\u53e5 \u7ee7\u7eed\u76d8\u4ed6 ok \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u6765\u73a9\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5e93 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e93\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u53eb\u505a R…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1946,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[303],"tags":[302,19,300,301],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vip.fxxkpython.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1945"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vip.fxxkpython.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vip.fxxkpython.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vip.fxxkpython.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vip.fxxkpython.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1945"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vip.fxxkpython.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1945\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6623,"href":"https:\/\/vip.fxxkpython.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1945\/revisions\/6623"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vip.fxxkpython.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1946"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vip.fxxkpython.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1945"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vip.fxxkpython.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1945"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vip.fxxkpython.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1945"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}